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The following is a list of the feast days of the General Roman Calendar as it was in 1954. It is thus basically that established by Pope Pius X (1903–1914), but it also incorporates changes that were made by Pope Pius XI (1922–1939), such as the institution of the Feast of Christ the King, while not including those made in 1955 by Pope Pius XII (1939–1958). The changes that the latter Pope made are indicated in General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII. They included the institution of two feasts in May: St. Joseph the Workman was added on May 1 as a Double of the I Class, requiring the transfer of Ss. Philip and James to May 11, and involving also the suppression of the Solemnity of Saint Joseph, which for just over a century had been celebrated on the second Wednesday after the Octave of Easter; the Feast of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Queen, was added on May 31 as a Double of the II Class, transferring St. Angela Merici, but not the commemoration of St. Petronilla, to June 1. A total of fifteen Octaves – all those except Easter, Pentecost, and Christmas – were also suppressed in the reform of 1955. Five years later, Pope John XXIII made a further revision with the ''motu proprio'' ''Rubricarum instructum''〔http://www.ecclesiacatholica.com/missale%20romanum/motu%20proprio%20rubricarum%20instructum.htm〕 of July 23, 1960. This revision, the General Roman Calendar of 1960, was incorporated in the Roman Missal of 1962,〔pages XLV–LIII of the reproduction on (this Internet site )〕 which was issued as implementation of this ''motu proprio''〔Decree placed at the beginning of the 1962 Missal〕 The 1960 calendar is thus the calendar approved by Pope Benedict XVI with his July 7, 2007 document ''Summorum Pontificum'' for use as an extraordinary form of the Roman Rite. The General Roman Calendar was again revised in 1969, in connection with the revision of the Roman Missal, and later. For its current state, see General Roman Calendar. For most of the celebrations here listed, the Mass is found in the Roman Missal of the time in the section called the "Proper of the Saints", but for those occurring from 24 December to 13 January it is found in the "Proper of the Season", as these days do not move with respect to the seasons of the Church year. The Offices of these feasts are likewise arranged in the Breviary. ==Rank of feast days== The ranking of feast days that had grown from an original division between doubles and simples〔(Catholic Encyclopedia, s.v. ''Christian Calendar'' )〕 and that by the time of the Tridentine Calendar included semidoubles, with Pope Clement VIII adding in 1604 to the distinction between first and second class doubles the new rank of greater double, was still in use in the 1954 calendar, and would continue until the following year, 1955, when Pope Pius XII abolished the rank of semidouble. The rank of feast days determines which Mass is said when two feast days coincide (or "occur") on the one day, as well as when a feast day falls on Sundays or certain other privileged days. Feast days were classified as Simple, Semidouble, or Double, with feast days of the Double Rite further divided into ''Double of the I Class'', ''Double of the II Class'', ''Greater Double'' or ''Major Double'', and ''Double'', in order of descending rank. On ferias and many feast days of simple rank, the celebrant was permitted to substitute a Mass of his own choice such as a votive Mass, or a Mass for the Dead. What the original meaning of the term "double" may have been is not entirely certain. Some think that the greater festivals were thus styled because the antiphons before and after the psalms were "doubled", i.e. twice repeated entire on these days. Others, with more probability, point to the fact that before the ninth century in certain places, for example at Rome, it was customary on the greater feast days to recite two sets of Matins, the one of the feria or week-day, the other of the festival. Hence such days were known as "doubles".〔 The Catholic Encyclopedia of the early years of the twentieth century shows the incremental crowding of the calendar (which had increased further by 1954) in the following table based on the official revisions of the Roman Breviary in 1568,〔For more information on this calendar of Pope Saint Pius V, see Tridentine Calendar.〕 1602, 1631, 1882 and on the situation in 1907. In 1907, when, in accordance with the rules in force since the time of Pope Pius V, feast days of any form of double, if impeded by "occurrence" (falling on the same day)〔(Catholic Encyclopedia, s.v. Occurrence (in liturgy) )〕 with a feast day of higher class, were transferred to another day, this classification of feast days was of great practical importance for deciding which feast day to celebrate on any particular day. Pope Pius X simplified matters considerably in his 1911 reform of the Roman Breviary. In the case of occurrence the lower-ranking feast day could become a commemoration within the celebration of the higher-ranking one. Further retouches were made by Pope Pius XII in 1955,〔General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII〕 Pope John XXIII in 1960,〔General Roman Calendar of 1960〕 and Pope Paul VI in 1969.〔General Roman Calendar〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「General Roman Calendar of 1954」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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